A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit designed to govern the operation of embedded systems. Think of it as a small computer on a single chip that includes:
- CPU (Central Processing Unit)
- Memory (RAM and Flash)
- Input/Output Ports
- Timers and Counters
- Communication Interfaces
- Low Power Consumption
- Real-time Operation
- Integrated Peripherals
- Cost-Effective
- Programmable